I’ve always been that history buff who devours old books and documentaries, imagining what it was like to live through pivotal moments. During a trip to Europe a few years back, standing in Gutenberg’s printing museum in Mainz, Germany, I felt the weight of how one invention sparked the Renaissance. Discoveries like that don’t just alter science—they reshape societies, economies, and our very understanding of existence. Drawing from decades of reading and conversations with historians, this guide ranks the top 10 greatest discoveries, from ancient breakthroughs to modern marvels. We’ll explore their origins, impacts, and why they endure, using insights…